Thursday, 7 May 2015


Digital pedagogies EDSE12024 - Assessment 1: Reflective Synopsis

 

This Reflective Synopsis is an account of my investigation into the use of digital pedagogies in secondary schools. Included in this Reflective Synopsis are my limited experiences of use of technologies to support and transform learning and the facilitation of legal, safe and ethical behaviour with ICT. I will begin with the use of technologies to support and transform learning.

Use of technologies to support and transform learning

Advancements in technology have provided new opportunities for teachers to support and transform the learning of students in secondary schools. Teachers can now use tools such as blogs, wikis, websites, presentations, simulations and interactives to engage students and promote collaborative and cooperative learning.

Blogs and wikis are a way for students to have their work read by others. This is important because students can use higher order thinking to consider and comment on other students’ posts. Constructive and positive comments help students learn, develop confidence and contribute to learning. I found blogs to be a convenient way to share my work, and read the work of my fellow students at any time of the day or night. Wikis allow students to contribute to learning by being multi-authored sites. Students feel involved in the class by contributing to a group task and can learn from other students’ opinions.

Websites are a convenient way to display information for students to access at any time. Images, audio and video can all be put on a website to support learning. I found that putting up You Tube videos of mathematics on my website was an effective and convenient way to demonstrate solutions to mathematical problems. Audio can used to record instructions and images can be used to display tables and charts. Because the student can view content whenever they want and as often as they want, the student can progress in their own time.

Presentation tools can do more than just display slides of dot points. Teachers can make presentations more engaging by introducing themes, transitions between slides, animations, word art, smart art, shapes, charts, photos, video, hyperlinked screenshots, and narration. Although these presentation tools do not rank highly on the SAMR model, they are still an effective way to present and share information.

Simulations are especially useful for demonstrating concepts that would otherwise prove to be difficult or impossible to demonstrate. For example, showing the binomial distribution of one thousand coin tosses. With so many coin tosses required, using a simulation tool makes sense.

Interactives make learning more enjoyable. Interactive learning objects, mapping, collaborative authoring, online concept mapping and online timelines are all examples of interactives. Interactive learning objects are essentially any digital object that are categorized and reusable. Because Interactive learning objects are reusable, they are an efficient way for teachers to facilitate learning.  Mapping can involve students creating maps for specific purposes complete with text and photographs.

By incorporating these tools into learning at a fundamental level, teachers will achieve the goals of the European creative classroom framework. The section which I found to be the most interesting is ‘Learning practices’. Regarding Learning practices, students who use these types of tools will:

·        learn by exploring

·        learn by creating

·        learn by playing

·        have self-regulated learning

·        have personalized learning

·        have peer-to-peer collaboration

Technology allows the teacher to create learning outcomes which come under the higher categories of Bloom's revised taxonomy. While remembering and understanding information remains essential to learning, students need the higher categories of applying, analysing, evaluating and creating.

Students also need the higher order thinking skills scaffolded by de Bono’s hats. Teachers cannot possibly teach students for every challenge they may face in the future but we can teach them skills to overcome these challenges themselves.  

Finally, teachers need to know their audience. Through technology, teachers can monitor student progress more effectively. By reading student blogs, monitoring wikis or other online collaborative tools, teachers can plan differentiation techniques to assist struggling students and to keep gifted students challenged. 

Facilitation of legal, safe and ethical behaviour with ICT

As a teacher, it is my responsibility to model legal and ethical behaviour with ICT and to keep students safe from the dangers of the internet. The first issue I will discuss is the matter of copyright. In general, teachers can copy one chapter or ten percent of a work for educational use. Teachers may also stream, link or embed YouTube videos because this is not copying, and therefore not subject to copyright. It is unclear whether teachers can copy YouTube videos. Teachers cannot copy from commercial DVDs. It is very important to model the correct use of ICT material because this teaches ICT ethics and copyright law applies to students as well.

I have left the most important ICT issue for last. That of student safety. The introduction of ICT has dramatically increased the risk of exposure of students to material that is:

  •  pornographic
  • sexually explicit
  • offensive
  • hateful
  • violent
  • encouraging of activities that are dangerous or illegal.

It is bad enough that adults are exposed to this type of material, but for children this is totally unacceptable. Teachers must remain vigilant by using blockers and monitoring what material students are accessing at school and bringing to school.

Students also need to be taught about the physical and emotional dangers of communicating online. Services such as email, chatrooms, discussion groups, instant messaging and web pages all have the potential to expose students to stranger danger, harassment and bullying. Again, this issue requires the vigilance of teachers and the education of students. Teachers need to ensure that online collaborating is private, and regularly monitor the traffic of their collaboration.  

Embracing the benefits of technology will revolutionize the way teachers teach and students learn. Slowly but surely, lessons are changing from ‘student see, student do’, to ‘student think, student solve’. It is up to teachers to support them in doing that.

Friday, 1 May 2015


Week 7 blog

Using blogger has brought a new dimension to my engagement with my fellow students. At any time, day or night I have had access to a range of reflections concerning online collaborative tools, and their use in learning. I have benefited from viewing these reflections because I have been able to learn by comparing other student’s reflections with my own, especially ideas on how the tool can be used in my practice. I have also been able to learn about other collaborative tools which I had not investigated. I also found that commenting on other students work facilitated my engagement in the assessment long after marking and that receiving positive comments about my blog increased my confidence as a learner.

However there are some drawbacks to using online collaborative tools. Firstly, and I feel the most serious, is that online technology instantly divides students into the haves and have-nots. It is not fair to structure lessons so that students from economically disadvantaged students are excluded, or disadvantaged. Online technology is very expensive to purchase and maintain. Thousands of dollars for a laptop and software, sixty dollars a month for an internet connection and the cost of an IT expert when things go wrong is a lot of money to expect a parent to find for their child’s education. Furthermore, this expense becomes greater in relation to the number of children in the family expected to have this technology.

Also, it cannot be assumed that all students are comfortable using online collaborative tools. A student may be doing very well with their studies on their own, and want to continue studying on their own. These ‘quiet achievers’ should not be pressured into online collaboration, to do so may prove to be counter-productive. It is a mistake to believe the stereotype that all young people love social networking technology.

And finally, like everything online there is the problem of security and privacy. Going online exposes the user to all manner of security and privacy threats. The online environment takes the student out of the safety of their home or school and exposes them to the world. If Microsoft and Governments cannot keep themselves one hundred percent protected, how can we be sure the student’s security and privacy are protected?

From my reflection on how my own e-learning design as a teacher I have discovered that I is important to identify whether I want the students’ learning to be collaborative or cooperative. That’s to say, whether the students are working towards a common goal or are working together on different parts of the one goal.