Thursday, 7 May 2015


Digital pedagogies EDSE12024 - Assessment 1: Reflective Synopsis

 

This Reflective Synopsis is an account of my investigation into the use of digital pedagogies in secondary schools. Included in this Reflective Synopsis are my limited experiences of use of technologies to support and transform learning and the facilitation of legal, safe and ethical behaviour with ICT. I will begin with the use of technologies to support and transform learning.

Use of technologies to support and transform learning

Advancements in technology have provided new opportunities for teachers to support and transform the learning of students in secondary schools. Teachers can now use tools such as blogs, wikis, websites, presentations, simulations and interactives to engage students and promote collaborative and cooperative learning.

Blogs and wikis are a way for students to have their work read by others. This is important because students can use higher order thinking to consider and comment on other students’ posts. Constructive and positive comments help students learn, develop confidence and contribute to learning. I found blogs to be a convenient way to share my work, and read the work of my fellow students at any time of the day or night. Wikis allow students to contribute to learning by being multi-authored sites. Students feel involved in the class by contributing to a group task and can learn from other students’ opinions.

Websites are a convenient way to display information for students to access at any time. Images, audio and video can all be put on a website to support learning. I found that putting up You Tube videos of mathematics on my website was an effective and convenient way to demonstrate solutions to mathematical problems. Audio can used to record instructions and images can be used to display tables and charts. Because the student can view content whenever they want and as often as they want, the student can progress in their own time.

Presentation tools can do more than just display slides of dot points. Teachers can make presentations more engaging by introducing themes, transitions between slides, animations, word art, smart art, shapes, charts, photos, video, hyperlinked screenshots, and narration. Although these presentation tools do not rank highly on the SAMR model, they are still an effective way to present and share information.

Simulations are especially useful for demonstrating concepts that would otherwise prove to be difficult or impossible to demonstrate. For example, showing the binomial distribution of one thousand coin tosses. With so many coin tosses required, using a simulation tool makes sense.

Interactives make learning more enjoyable. Interactive learning objects, mapping, collaborative authoring, online concept mapping and online timelines are all examples of interactives. Interactive learning objects are essentially any digital object that are categorized and reusable. Because Interactive learning objects are reusable, they are an efficient way for teachers to facilitate learning.  Mapping can involve students creating maps for specific purposes complete with text and photographs.

By incorporating these tools into learning at a fundamental level, teachers will achieve the goals of the European creative classroom framework. The section which I found to be the most interesting is ‘Learning practices’. Regarding Learning practices, students who use these types of tools will:

·        learn by exploring

·        learn by creating

·        learn by playing

·        have self-regulated learning

·        have personalized learning

·        have peer-to-peer collaboration

Technology allows the teacher to create learning outcomes which come under the higher categories of Bloom's revised taxonomy. While remembering and understanding information remains essential to learning, students need the higher categories of applying, analysing, evaluating and creating.

Students also need the higher order thinking skills scaffolded by de Bono’s hats. Teachers cannot possibly teach students for every challenge they may face in the future but we can teach them skills to overcome these challenges themselves.  

Finally, teachers need to know their audience. Through technology, teachers can monitor student progress more effectively. By reading student blogs, monitoring wikis or other online collaborative tools, teachers can plan differentiation techniques to assist struggling students and to keep gifted students challenged. 

Facilitation of legal, safe and ethical behaviour with ICT

As a teacher, it is my responsibility to model legal and ethical behaviour with ICT and to keep students safe from the dangers of the internet. The first issue I will discuss is the matter of copyright. In general, teachers can copy one chapter or ten percent of a work for educational use. Teachers may also stream, link or embed YouTube videos because this is not copying, and therefore not subject to copyright. It is unclear whether teachers can copy YouTube videos. Teachers cannot copy from commercial DVDs. It is very important to model the correct use of ICT material because this teaches ICT ethics and copyright law applies to students as well.

I have left the most important ICT issue for last. That of student safety. The introduction of ICT has dramatically increased the risk of exposure of students to material that is:

  •  pornographic
  • sexually explicit
  • offensive
  • hateful
  • violent
  • encouraging of activities that are dangerous or illegal.

It is bad enough that adults are exposed to this type of material, but for children this is totally unacceptable. Teachers must remain vigilant by using blockers and monitoring what material students are accessing at school and bringing to school.

Students also need to be taught about the physical and emotional dangers of communicating online. Services such as email, chatrooms, discussion groups, instant messaging and web pages all have the potential to expose students to stranger danger, harassment and bullying. Again, this issue requires the vigilance of teachers and the education of students. Teachers need to ensure that online collaborating is private, and regularly monitor the traffic of their collaboration.  

Embracing the benefits of technology will revolutionize the way teachers teach and students learn. Slowly but surely, lessons are changing from ‘student see, student do’, to ‘student think, student solve’. It is up to teachers to support them in doing that.

Friday, 1 May 2015


Week 7 blog

Using blogger has brought a new dimension to my engagement with my fellow students. At any time, day or night I have had access to a range of reflections concerning online collaborative tools, and their use in learning. I have benefited from viewing these reflections because I have been able to learn by comparing other student’s reflections with my own, especially ideas on how the tool can be used in my practice. I have also been able to learn about other collaborative tools which I had not investigated. I also found that commenting on other students work facilitated my engagement in the assessment long after marking and that receiving positive comments about my blog increased my confidence as a learner.

However there are some drawbacks to using online collaborative tools. Firstly, and I feel the most serious, is that online technology instantly divides students into the haves and have-nots. It is not fair to structure lessons so that students from economically disadvantaged students are excluded, or disadvantaged. Online technology is very expensive to purchase and maintain. Thousands of dollars for a laptop and software, sixty dollars a month for an internet connection and the cost of an IT expert when things go wrong is a lot of money to expect a parent to find for their child’s education. Furthermore, this expense becomes greater in relation to the number of children in the family expected to have this technology.

Also, it cannot be assumed that all students are comfortable using online collaborative tools. A student may be doing very well with their studies on their own, and want to continue studying on their own. These ‘quiet achievers’ should not be pressured into online collaboration, to do so may prove to be counter-productive. It is a mistake to believe the stereotype that all young people love social networking technology.

And finally, like everything online there is the problem of security and privacy. Going online exposes the user to all manner of security and privacy threats. The online environment takes the student out of the safety of their home or school and exposes them to the world. If Microsoft and Governments cannot keep themselves one hundred percent protected, how can we be sure the student’s security and privacy are protected?

From my reflection on how my own e-learning design as a teacher I have discovered that I is important to identify whether I want the students’ learning to be collaborative or cooperative. That’s to say, whether the students are working towards a common goal or are working together on different parts of the one goal.

Friday, 24 April 2015



Assessment 1: Embedded Task 5 - Reflection on Simulations, Interactives (or Technology of your choice)

The technical aspects of Text 2 Mind Map are:

What can this technology do?
Text 2 Mind Map can show a typed outline as mind map. Text 2 Mind Map can be downloaded as a PDF or PNG file. Text 2 Mind Map can also be shared via email, Twitter or Facebook.
What do the settings allow?
In options the user can change the colour of the boxes, change fonts,
Authorship – single/multi
Multiple authors can contribute if shared.
Privacy settings
No privacy setting
Customization
No customization
Technical considerations – file size, platforms, upload-ability
No information on file size. Available for mac and p.c. Up loads to Text 2 mind data base.
Ease of use/experience
Easy to use. Small learning curve.

 

The learning outcomes and the materials/activities that Text 2 Mind Map supports are:

 
Video/audio/images
Outcomes
Students can view either the outline or the mind map, which ever they prefer.
Materials
Text 2 Mind Map uses text and a mind map program.
Activities
Students can use Text 2 Mind Map to plan an assignment. By typing in there title, headings and ideas the program will construct the mind map automatically.

 


 

Examples of how Text 2 Mind Map might be used in my classroom at each level of the SAMR model:

Video/audio/images?
Plan at 4 levels?
SAMR - Substitution
SAMR – Augmentation
SAMR - Modification
SAMR - Redefinition
Activities
Text 2 Mind Map can be used as a substitute for a hand written mind map.
Text 2 Mind Map appears more professional and appealing.
Text 2 Mind Maps versatility allows for easy modification.
Communication technology provides an opportunity for students to easily share their mind maps.
Justification
Hand written mind maps can be messy and hard to arrange, especially for a complex mind map.
More appealing mind maps will engage students better.
It is very frustrating to redraw a mind map just to make a small modification.
Students can send the Text 2 Mind Map to each other and add their contribution and then send this back to their there group.

 


I am also interested in:
 
• Mapping
• Interactive Learning Objects

Friday, 10 April 2015


PowerPoint is perhaps the most widely used method for delivering a presentation or delivering information broken up into short and concise sections that are engaging and versatile. My exploration and consideration of this tools capabilities has yielded the following reflection.

The technical aspects of PowerPoint are:

What can this technology do?
Allows the user to present a topic in the form of slides.
May be narrated.
May switch to next slide automatically at times pre-set by user.
Slides can incorporate features like transitions between slides, animations, word art, smart art, shapes, charts, photos, hyperlinked screenshots, video, comparison and columns.
What do the settings allow?
The settings allow the user to determine whether the slide are shown in full screen or a window. The user can also select options that loop the presentation, disable the narration or animations, choose which slides to show and how they advance and facilitate multiple monitors.
Authorship – single/multi
May have multiple authors.
Privacy settings
PowerPoint is an offline programme so it is private unless it is put on the internet.
Customization
PowerPoint allows customization through the use of themes and variants of themes, slide resizing and the changing of the background format.
Technical considerations – file size, platforms, upload-ability
Available for Windows and Mac and presentations can be uploaded.
Ease of use/experience
PowerPoint is easy to use. Users can learn the basics in minutes and advance through experimentation. Tool tips make most functions clear to the user. I did find the narration feature problematic because the recording was intermittent between slides. On play back some of my narration was omitted so I had to re-record those slides.

 

The learning outcomes and the materials/activities that PowerPoint supports are:

 
Video/audio/images
Outcomes
Students can view a presentation projected on a screen or uploaded to their computers or device.
 
 
Materials
PowerPoint presentations make use of text, images and video to form a complete presentation.  
Activities
Students learning the history of Pythagoras’ theorem, and how to use it, can watch PowerPoint slides which tell the life of the man, shows his likeness, explains the mathematical concepts of his theorem, demonstrates the use of his theorem, and provides practice problems and solutions.

 


 

Examples of how PowerPoint might be used in my classroom at each level of the SAMR model:

Video/audio/images?
Plan at 4 levels?
SAMR - Substitution
SAMR – Augmentation
SAMR - Modification
SAMR - Redefinition
Activities
PowerPoint can replace the use of overhead projector slides.
Slides appear more professional and appealing.
PowerPoints versatility allows images, video and narration.
Communication technology provides an opportunity for students to contribute to a group activity creating their own PowerPoint of a topic.
Justification
Overhead projector slides are slow to produce and consume slides.
More appealing slides will engage students better.
A complete presentation will convey more information and engage students further.
Students can send the presentation to each other and add their contribution and then send this back to their there group.

 

Friday, 3 April 2015


Assessment1 Task 3



My investigation into the capabilities and benefits of images regarding ICT, has returned the following results:

 
Technical Aspects
What can this technology do?

·         Allows the teacher to show images of photographs, text, charts, tables, graphs and diagrams in places like a web page or an electronic white board.

·         Allows students to add said images to their own work.

What do the settings allow?

·         The image can be titled, resized, cropped, edited or have a description added.

Authorship – single/multi

·         Can be multi authored for group work.

Privacy settings

·         Privacy would depend on where the image is used.

Customization

·         Images can have sound added such as a narrative.

Technical considerations – file size, platforms, and upload-ability

·         Jpeg images have compatibility issues.

Ease of use/experience

·         Not difficult for those with experience creating, finding and moving files between locations in a computer.

 

What learning outcomes does image technology support in my classroom?

Materials            

·         Photographs, text, charts, tables, graphs and diagrams.

Activities             

·         Visual aid for the explanation of the different types of graphs.

·         Digitizing hand written solutions to mathematics problems.

 Outcomes          

·         Students can visualize the shape of graphs such as y=mx+c. Helping students understand the equation.

·         Students can take a picture of hand written work or add images for assessment or to send through the internet to others.

 

Examples of how this technology might be used in your classroom at each level of the SAMR model.

Copy images (Substitution)

·         By converting an image to a file on a computer the school will use less paper.

Edit images (Augmentation)

·         Images can be resized, edited for more flexible in use.

 Professional looking tables, graphs and charts. (Modification)

·         Graphs and charts created on computer are more accurate and appealing.

Collaboration on tasks where hand written work and images are used. (Redefinition)

·         Facilitates the sharing of hand written work and images. This cannot be done by a phone call.

 

Visit my website at http://mr-roberts.weebly.com


Friday, 27 March 2015


Website Reflection

I have created a website through Weebly.com and would like to share my thoughts of the experience.

Weebly.com – Website Creation Made Easy, allows the user to create a website by the click and drag method. The user can display information such as text, images, audio and video. The user can also create polls, surveys and forums. Weebly.com has settings options that allow the changing of the site address, the display of a mobile-optimized version and the creation of a site password for privacy. The site provides customisation through the use of themes and backgrounds. Multiple Authors can contribute the user’s website. The site is relatively easy to use overall because of the click and drag method but I found that it takes a lot of trial and error to use. I think that most people over the age of thirteen could use it effectively after a days practice.

The site will teach students how to create their own website so they can share their own thoughts and interests through pictures, videos and the written word. Students can also show off schoolwork or other achievements that they are proud of.

In my own teaching I can use my website to create a library of resources for the students to access both in and out of the classroom. A collection of YouTube videos demonstrating mathematics cherry picked to match the students’ lessons would be a valuable resource for students to have access to on demand. I could also put up tables and diagrams or other information to support the class.

To visit my website: http://mr-roberts.weebly.com

 

 

 

Friday, 20 March 2015

Reflection


Assessment 1: Reflection

 

Through my reflection on the learning design of the critical thinking activity ‘de Bono's Six thinking hats’, I have developed the following analysis.

De Bono's Six thinking hats is a critical thinking activity that trains students to look at a problem or issue by using higher order thinking from many points of view. These points of view are symbolised by different coloured hats. The activity facilitates collaborative learning by allowing students to post their thoughts online. Students can read the thoughts of others and consider the opinions of their peers. This supports students who are familiar and comfortable using social media and uses the question,‘should mobile phones be allowed in class?’, as a catalyst for debate. The question is suitable because this is an issue which affects students directly and it is an issue the students have some knowledge of. By posting their opinions online, the students have a sense of ownership, control and management of the learning.

Personally I found the activity very frustrating. I felt isolated and left behind because I could not sign in to the activity either through the university’s computer or my own. By the time I could contribute the activity was long over so I was merely satisfying an academic requirement. I did however see that my thoughts were similar to many other students which made me feel validated in my own. As the activity was scaffolded for this purpose I think that the activity is overall quite effective for the majority of students but some will miss the point of the activity due to the complexity of technology. This can be addressed through differentiation.